Identification of phenolic functional group

Aim: To identify the functional group present in an organic compound.

Preliminary test:

(i) Physical State	Solid
(ii) Colour	Light pink
(iii) Odour	Like lifebuoy soap (Phenolic)
(iv) Solubility in water	Soluble

Chemical Test:

S.No.	Experiment	Observation	Inference
1	Test for Unsaturation Dissolve 0.2 mL of organic compound in 2 mL CCl4. Then added bromine water dropwise.	Brown colour of bromine not discharged	Unsaturation is not present
2	Litmus Test: Put a drop of an aqueous solution of the original substance on a piece of blue litmus paper	Litmus paper turns red	Organic substance is acidic in nature. It may be carboxylic or phenolic group.
3	Flame Test: Touch the organic substance on copper wire and ignite it	Organic substance shows sooty flame	Compound is aromatic
4	Functional Group Analysis:       (i) Organic substance + NaHCO3 + heat   (ii) FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST: Aq. Solution of organic substance + 1-2 mL of neutral FeCl3 solution (iii) LIEBERMANN NITROSO TEST: a.     Organic substance + solid NaNO2 + dil H2SO4 + heat b.     above solution + H2O c.      above solution + NaOH solution	No reaction Colour of solution change to green Green blue solution is produced Colour of solution change green to red Colour of solution changed to blue-green	Carboxylic acid group is absent Phenolic group is present Phenolic group is present

                              

Result: The given organic compound contains the Phenolic functional group.